Theory of management | Definition | Functions | Objectives

The term comes from the word management derive from the word "to manage" which means take care or governance. So management can be interpreted as how to organize, guide and lead everyone into his subordinates so efforts are being worked on can achieve the objectives that have been set previously.

Many experts that provides the definition of the management, including the following:

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  • Principles of Management fringe, "management is related to the achievement of something the goal is done through and with others ".
  
  
  • The title "Principles of Management" gives definition: "management is a process that distinguishes over the planning, organizing, implementing and monitoring drive, by utilizing good science or art, in order to complete the objectives that have been set before ".
  
  
  • Social Sciences Management refers to the process of implementing a specific objectives organized and observe.
  
  
  • Mary Parker Follett - Management is the art of finishing the work through other people.
  
  
  • Thomas h. Nelson - Company management is the science and art of blending ideas, facilities, processes, materials and people to produce goods or Services that are useful and sell it with the profitable.
  
  
  • R. Terri - Management is define as the typical process of planning, organizing, implementing and monitoring conduct. To determine and achieve business goals by making use of human resources and other resources.
  
  
  • James a. f. Stoner - Management refers to the process of planning, organizing, leadership, and oversight effort (efforts) member organizations and use all the resources of the Organization to achieve goals that has been establish.
  
  
  • Liang Oei Lie - Management is the science and art of organizing planning, direction, and supervision of coordinating human resources and nature, particularly human resources to achieve the goals that have been specify.

The principles of management are the basics or a work that is a staple of guidelines. That should not be overlook by every manager/leader. In practice must be organize so that these management principles should not rigid. But should be flexible, i.e. it could be personalize way according to your needs.

Principles of management consists of:

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  • A balanced division of labor - In handing out assignments and kind to all the credits, a manager should be equitable in nature, i.e. it should be equally good and provide a balance workload.
  
  
  • Grant of authority and a sense of responsibility that is firm and clear any credits or employees should be give. The authority to carry out its task properly and account for it to the employer directly.
  
  
  • Discipline - Discipline is willingness to do business or real activities (work according to the type of work into tasks and responsibilities). base on plans, regulations and time (working time) set.
  
  
  • Unity of command of any employees or relatives work should only receive one type of command from a direct supervisor (foreman/section head/head of section). Not from some people who equally feel being tops employees/credits.
  
  
  • Unity of direction of activity should have the same goal and led by a direct supervisor. As well as based on the same work plan (one goal, one plan, one leader).

If this principle is not implemented, it will arise among the relatives split work/employee. Because there are many tasks that were given and some are a little, though they have the same capabilities. Management is the process of achievement of goals through the work of others.

Thus there is minimal management means in four (4) characteristics:

1. There is a goal to be reached
   Are leaders (tops)


2. There's the leaded (subordinate)


3. There is cooperation.

The function and purpose of management

The success of an activity or employment depends on management. The work will be manage in a good and orderly management. Where the management itself is a device with a particular process in the associated function. The point is a series of stage events start early doing the activity or work of until the end goal activity or job.

Functions of management: planning Function

On the essence planning is the process of making decisions that are the basis for activities/ the actions of the economical and effective at the time to come. This requires thought Process about what needs to be complete. How and where an activity needs to be done and who is responsible for its implementation.

Function of organizing

Organizing Function can be define as the process of creating relationships between functions, personnel and physical factors in order for the activities that must be implement unify and direct at the achievement of a common goal.

Briefing

The briefing Function is a function of the stimulate management actions in order to be really implement. Because of the actions that are perform by people. Then the briefing includes the giving of the commandments and the motivation on the personnel who perform those commands.

Function coordinator

An effort that coordinate is where the activities of the employees it is harmonious. directional and integrate towards shared goals. Coordination with so much need in the Organization so that retrieve. The unity of the Act in order to achievement of the objectives of the organization.

Function supervision

Supervision Function can set whether the activities in accordance with the requirements specify in the plan. So that brings us to the oversight functions of the planning. The more obvious. Complete and coordinate complete making plans also supervision.