A quality circle or quality control circle is a group of workers who do the same or similar work, who meet regularly to identify, analyze and solve work-related problems.
Quality Control Circle some employees are compose of 3-7 people with similar jobs that meet periodically to discuss and solve the problems of employment and the environment with the aim of improving the quality of effort using the device quality control (step 8 & 7 tools). One of the basic characteristics that distinguish it from other management systems of TQM, is developing a pattern of quality control that are standalone and integrate in all business units and sectors of activity of the company/organization.
Said to be "independent Control", because quality control is not only perform by the QC Team/QC Managers or Internal Watchdog Unit, but rather the responsibility of each individual in your company/organization to control the quality of work and results It works each, in order not to deviate from the commitments and standards that have been mutually agree.
Overview
As an illustration, a company of Japan which has a workforce of 1,000 + people and have implemented TQM departments, had QC (Quality Control) and the amount of supervisory power as many as 100 people. However, the company executives always say that indeed they had 1,000 people energy watchdog, for quality control (Quality Control) is not only done by 100 people that alone, but by all employees the company.
It is said also "Integrated Control", because quality control in every work unit and sector of activity of the company/organization conducted with one of the same purpose, i.e. to produce a "Quality Assurance" (Quality Assurance), based on the "quality policy" (Quality Policy) that has been established by the company/organization.
Dual Functions
Basically everyone involved in organizational activities indeed has a "dual function" in his work, commonly referred to as:
- Daily Function and
- Improvement Function, i.e. the function of the work routine and the function of quality improvement, conducted simultaneously.
- The existence of "Improvement Work" this is what encourages the growing important role group dynamics on TQM practitioner’s companies.
In general the team forms, can be seen below:
1. A cross-Function Team (Cross Functional Team)
that are included in this category are:
A. The team Quality management (the group which consists of the Top and middle).
B. The project quality control (QC Project consisting of employees of the different sections/divisions).
2. Quality Control Circle
is a form of quality control at the level of implementing. When defined, then the Quality Control Circles can be explained as follows:
is a group that consists of multiple employees (3-10 people), at a unit of the same work in a company, which is carrying out the program improvement or quality improvement, using the method of the solution of the "PDCA Cycle" on an ongoing basis, and aims to provide "customer satisfaction" is the optimal, which also provide satisfaction for the members of the group itself.
GOALS and BENEFITS
the main factors that became the cornerstone of the implementation of TQM is an ASPECT of human resources, then the rationale of this approach is the creation of QCC much influenced by theories about the human being, such as theory X and Y of Mc Gregor, Herzberg's theory of motivation and theory of hierarchy of human by Abraham Maslow's famous it is.
Whole human development or PEOPLE BUILDING, that's the philosophy underlying the formation of QCC, i.e. a form of tribute to the Man who in this case managing employees. Since implementing the program of QCC, means giving a chance to those for a moment take distance from his normal job, and trying to evaluate the process and results of the work, thinking of what to do to improve its performance, to make important decisions related to her work. All of that indicates that they are treated as human beings, not as robots that work without your thoughts and feelings.
Application of QCC
In addition, the application of QCC is also a real form of involvement of all the parties, in this case those on the lower levels of management, in the improvement and development of the company/organization.
Positive things that will also grow along with the development of the activities of the QCC, is the creation of an atmosphere of cooperative work and encourages employees to continuously dig the creativity and potential of the.
OBJECTIVES to be achieved through the QCC activities, among others:
- Reduce errors and improve quality.
- Increase cooperation better.
- Raising awareness of employees in carrying out its work.
- Train your employee’s skills in solving the problems facing it.
- Instill an awareness of the importance of prevention since the beginning.
- Develop a more harmonious relationship and communicative between managers and employees.
- Encourage personal development and leadership.
While the benefits for employees with the QCC activities are:
- Getting increased knowledge and ability.
- The growing ability of self-control.
- Be able to communicate and participate in group activities.
- Understand and are able to use the techniques of quality control.
- Enhancement of creativity.
- Develop a way of thinking that is critical, as well as awareness of the importance of quality.
Principles of QCC
Principle of human development
History of the QCC role more meaningful, especially managing workers in problem solving work. The starting point of the philosophy of human development (Browse building philosophy) that without this limit should be maintained so that it will remain a like what is aspired.
The principle of group dynamics and Group Cooperation (Group Dynamic and Teamwork)
The effort and work of the QCC is the effort and work together (group). Meaning that the progress and success of the QCC is resting on the resource group forces of mutual support (human synergistic). Heed each other (win-win style) , so that all parties should always participate in directing and maintaining the group. So it will persist into groups rather than individuals collect solely.
QUALITY CONTROL CIRCLE MANAGEMENT
Before starting the formation of QCC – QCC, a company/organization must first provide adequate means in order to QCC activities can be coordinate and well develop, and not being a "fashion" which is only popular for a moment only.
It needs to be realize by management, that continuity of movement can only be assure if manage professionally and consistently.
In connection with this, the absolute requirement that must be met in order for the activities of the QCC can grow and continue to grow is:
- The existence of the organizational structure and the Board of Trustees/Managers TQM implementation activities as a whole. (see image sample TQM organizational structure).
- The appointment of some people who are able to become Facilitators QCC.
- Provision of facilities to support the development activities of the QCC, as for example the provision of meeting rooms, props and presentations etc.
- Active involvement, either direct supervising management employees who form the QCC, as well as the management of present higher.
- Creates a container for learning success – success that is achieve, as well as problem solving when face with constraints in its activities. For example, by organizing the presentation of the QCC events routinely, gatherings between QCC, facilitator and Body Builder, or even annual conventions.
- Drawing up training programmers and education of TQM, for those who need it.
General principles of QCC
Informality
The QCC is an informal or unofficial organization is an organization. Which is not tie to the formal organizational structure. May which restrict the movement of the QCC once. Nevertheless, the leadership of the company was very concern. And had to support the formation of the company's leadership in not event QCC intervene in setting goals, activities and mechanisms of the work of this cluster.
Volunteerism
The participation of employees in the QCC is a person who is invite, which should be base on the volunteerism, so the employee may not participate in the feeling of being felt on their own.
Total Involvement
With the ability of any kind, without exception, every member of the QCC should be involve or self-involve in togetherness and all problems to be set out jointly by the cluster.
Combining
QCC in its activities combines resource management for Human resources and group of non-balance ways by paying attention to the process group. (synergistic decision making), considering that the human being is the same time. Resources as the provider of the resource of a very different nature with other resources.
Learning together continuously
QCC is the group that solving the on-going basis and while problem together. Even and growing together learning both inside and outside gatherings cluster. One cluster meetings for other meetings are ongoing activities so that the problem will not occur without a settlement. For QCC, sustainability is more important to ensure the continuity of employment and job satisfaction of the cluster.
Basic Usability
In problem solving, practical usability principle embrace the QCC. Meaning that the success of the efforts will be measure primarily in terms of practical ...
Openness
The interests of the QCC are all the best, the most important things, are all the basic circles. The intercultural openness is constantly maintain and retain by the parties. any party.
Loyalty to the organization
Fidelity or loyalty employees, not a private, good boss, a good boss, a helmet or its owner. Dependence on one's personal status will greatly disturb stability) activities of its members.
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