To achieve the goals and planned results within a certain schedule and budget, the manager uses the project. No matter what field or field of activity, there are many methodologies that help managers at every stage of a project – from start to implementation to closure. In this guide, we will try to discuss the most commonly used project management methodologies.
A methodology is a model that project managers use to design, plan, implement, and achieve the goals of their projects. There are different project management methodologies that benefit different projects.
For example, there is a special methodology that NASA uses to build a space station, while the Navy uses a different methodology to build submarines. Consequently, there are different project management methodologies that meet the needs of different projects spanning different areas of business.
Project Methodologies
The following are the most commonly used project management methodologies in project management practices:
1 — Adaptive structure of the project
In this methodology, the scope of the project is variable. In addition, time and cost are constant for the project. Therefore, during the implementation of the project, the scope of the project is adjusted to obtain the maximum commercial benefit from the project.
2 – Agile software development
The agile software development methodology is designed for a project that requires extreme flexibility in requirements. Key features of Agile are short-term delivery cycles (sprints), flexible requirements, a dynamic team culture, less rigorous project control, and an emphasis on real-time communication.
3 — Crystalline methods
In the crystalline method, project processes have a low priority. Instead of processes, this method focuses more on team communication, team member skills, people, and interaction. Crystalline methods fall under a deft category.
4 – Dynamic Systems Development Model (DSDM)
It is the successor to the Rapid Application Development (RAD) methodology. It is also a subset of the agile software development methodology, which talks about trainings and documents confirming this methodology. This method emphasizes active user participation throughout the project lifecycle.
5 – Extreme Programming (XP)
Reducing the cost of changing requirements is the primary goal of extreme programming. XP emphasizes subtle feedback, continuous process, general understanding, and programmer well-being. XP does not have a detailed specification of requirements or embedded software architecture.
6 – Developing with Functions (FDD)
This methodology focuses more on simple and well-defined processes, short iterative and feature-driven delivery cycles. All planning and execution in this type of project is function-based.
7 – Information Technology Infrastructure Library (ITIL)
This methodology is a compilation of best practices in project management. ITIL covers a broad aspect of project management that starts at the management level of an organization.
8 – Collaborative Application Development (JAD)
This methodology emphasizes the involvement of the client in the early stages of the project tasks. The project team and the client conduct JAD sessions together to receive input from the client. These JAD sessions take place throughout the life cycle of the project.
9 — Lean Development (LD)
Lean development focuses on developing software to ensure resilience to change. In this method, customer satisfaction is the highest priority. The team is interested in ensuring the greatest return on the money paid by the client.
10 — PRINCE2
PRINCE2 takes a process approach to project management. This methodology is based on eight high-level processes.
11 – Rapid Application Development (RAD)
This methodology is focused on faster development of products with higher quality. When it comes to gathering requirements, he uses the seminar method. Prototyping is used to obtain clear requirements and reuse software components to accelerate development timelines.
In this method, all types of internal communications are considered informal.
12 – Rational Unified Process (RUP)
RUP tries to catch all the positive aspects of modern software development methodologies and offer them in one package. It is one of the first project management methodologies to propose an iterative approach to software development.
13 – Scrum
This is an agile methodology. The main goal of this methodology is to significantly increase the productivity of the team, eliminating all possible loads. Scrum projects are managed by Scrum Master.
14 — Spiral
The spiral methodology is an extended model of a waterfall with prototyping. This method is used instead of using the waterfall model for large projects.
15 – System Development Lifecycle (SDLC)
This is a conceptual model used in software development projects. In this method, it is possible to combine two or more project management methodologies to achieve the best result. SDLC also places great emphasis on the use of documentation and has strict instructions on it.
16 – Waterfall (Traditional)
This is an outdated model for software development projects. This methodology was in practice for decades before new methodologies were introduced. In this model, the development lifecycle has fixed phases and linear timelines. This model is not able to solve problems in the modern field of software development.
Conclusion
Choosing the most appropriate project management methodology can be challenging. When it comes to choosing the right one, there are several dozen factors that you should consider. Each project management methodology has its own strengths and weaknesses.
So, there is no good or bad methodology, and what you should follow is the most appropriate for your project management requirements.
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